Effect of housing construction material on childhood acute respiratory infection: a hospital based case control study in Bangladesh.

Despite several studies conducted to investigate housing factors, the effects of housing construction materials on childhood ARI symptoms in Bangladesh remain unclear. Hence, the study aimed to measure such a correlation among children under the age of five. A hospital-based case-control study was conducted, involving 221 cases and 221 controls from January to April 2023. Bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regression was performed to measure the degree of correlation between housing construction materials and childhood ARI symptoms. Households composed of natural floor materials had 2.7 times (95% confidence interval 1.27-5.57) and households composed of natural roof materials had 1.8 times (95% confidence interval 1.01-3.11) higher adjusted odds of having under-five children with ARI symptoms than household composed of the finished floor and finished roof materials respectively. Households with natural wall type were found protective against ARI symptoms with adjusted indoor air pollution determinants. The study indicates that poor housing construction materials are associated with an increased risk of developing ARI symptoms among under-five children in Bangladesh. National policy regarding replacing poor housing materials with concrete, increasing livelihood opportunities, and behavioral strategies programs encouraging to choice of quality housing construction materials could eliminate a fraction of the ARI burden.

Factors associated with depression and determining dimensions of job satisfaction among physicians in Bangladesh.

Background: Depression in physicians emerges early in their academic and professional careers. Lengthy and irregular duty time, high levels of obligation, job dissatisfaction, workstation culture, organizational rules, and so on significantly increased the psychological pressure on physicians. Objectives: The study's aim was to measure the level of depression, association, and influence of socio-demographic characteristics and job satisfaction on depression among physicians in Bangladesh, as well as to explore the factor structure of job satisfaction measure and examine its internal reliability. Methods: Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire in a cross-sectional survey of 301 physicians. The factors related to depression were investigated using a multivariable logistic regression model, and factor analysis was done to identify the important factors associated with job satisfaction. Results: Male respondents made up 49.5 percent of the sample overall, while female respondents made up 50.5 percent. 24.58% of the physicians had mild depression, whereas 13.29%, 7.31%, and 0.66% of the participants had moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression, respectively. In multivariable analysis, sex (male vs. female, AOR: 2.16, 95% CI:1.28-3.62), monthly income <15000 BDT vs. >40000 BDT, (AOR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.14-0.89), and income <15000 BDT vs. 15,000-24,999 BDT (AOR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.15-0.89) were the essential factors associated with depression. Furthermore, with each unit increase in the job satisfaction score was related to a 71% decrease in the odds of physicians having depression. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that providing appropriate organizational support, proper work assignments, and an adequate opportunity to develop their professional skills and career irrespective of sex may increase overall job satisfaction. Ultimately, this will serve to improve patient care as well as the whole health system's output.